Organizational Behaviour

T.Y B.COM

SEMESTER - 5

ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIORAL

(OB)

UNIT - 1 THEORY

CONTENTS TO BE COVERED:

• Meaning & definition of OB 

• Importance of OB 

• Nature of OB 

• Scope of OB 

• OB Framework 

• Contributing Disciplines to OB 

• SOBC model of OB

MEANING OF OB 

• Three features 

  1. Study of human behaviour 

  2. Behaviour in organizations 

  3. Useful in improving an organization’s effectiveness

DEFINITIONS 

• OB refers to the behaviour of individuals and groups within organizations and the interaction between organizational members and their external environment. 

• OB is a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups and structure have on behaviour within organizations for the purpose of applying such knowledge towards improving an organization's effectiveness

 

• OB comprises individual behaviour, group behaviour and of the organization itself. 

• Influence of environment on the interface between individuals and organizations cannot be overlooked. 

• The field of OB is both exciting and complex 

• OB has emerged as distinct field of study.

IMPORTANCE OF OB 

1. OB provides a road map to our lives in organization. 

2. OB uses scientific research to helo us understand and predict organizational life. 

3. OB helps us influence organizational events. Though it is good to understand and predict organizational events, most of us want to influence the environment in which he or she lives. 

4. OB helps an individual understand himself/herself and others better.

5. Manager in a business establishment is concerned with getting things done through delegation. 

6. The field of OB is useful for maintaining cordial industrial relations. Human problems need to be tackled humanely. OB helps in understanding the cause of the problem, predict its course of action and control its consequences. It serves as the basis for HRM. 

7. OB is also useful in the field of marketing. Innovation and the diffusion of new products, creativity and the learning of responses are important social and individual phenomena.

8.The post popular reason for studying OB is that reader is interested in pursuing a_ career management and wants to learn how to predict behaviour and apply it in some meaningful way to make organizations more effective. 

9.Last couple of years, Our economy has been witnessing an upward trend. In order to sustain this trend, effective management of all sectors. Effective management does not mean competent utilization of resources. It means. efficient management of HR. This is where OB comes into picture.

NATURE OF OB 

• A field of study and not a discipline : discipline is an accepted science with theoretical foundation that serves as the basis for research and analysis. OB because of its broad base, recent emergence and interdisciplinary orientation is not accepted as science. Synthesise principles, concepts and processes in OB field of enquiry . 

• Interdisciplinary : integrates the relevant knowledge drawn from different disciplines for Specific purpose. OB integrates the relevant concepts from various disciplines to make them applicable for organizational analysis.

• An Applied Science : basic objective is to make application of various researches to. solve organizational problems, particularly related to human behaviour aspect. OB is both science as well as art. 

• Normative and Value centric : normative science prescribes how the various findings of the researches can be applied to get organizational results which are acceptable to the society. What is acceptable by the society or individuals engaged in organization is a matter of values of the society and people concerned

 

• Humanistic and Optimistic : OB focuses 

attention on people. It is based on the belief that needs and motivation of people are of high concern. Acceptance of value of the individual as a thinking, feeling organism. There is optimism abut the innate potential of man to be independent, creative, productive and capable of positively contributing to organizational objectives.

• Oriented towards organizational objectives : OB emphasising human aspect of the organization is oriented towards organizational objectives. Organization may have several objectives and sometimes conflicting with individual 

objectives. OB tries to integrate two types of objectives so that both are achieved 

simultaneously

• A total system approach : the living system of an organization is viewed as an enlargement of a man. System approach is an integrative approach which takes into account all the variables affecting organizational functioning. The System thinking in organizational analysis developed by behavioural scientist. It does not take human being in isolation but as the product of socio-psychological factors. Behaviour is analysed keeping in view psychological, interpersonal orientation, group influence and social & cultural factors.

SCOPE OF OB

OB encompasses the study of: 

• Intrapersonal behaviour : personality, attitude, perception, learning , opinion, motivation, job satisfaction and stress management 

• Interpersonal behaviour : group dynamics, team dynamics, intergroup conflict, leadership, communication, transaction analysis and the like 

• About Organizations : their formation, structures, effectiveness and formal and informal organizations.

• The three levels of analysis are not necessarily mutually exclusive. The field of OB embraces them as being complementary. 

• There is no “One Best way” 

• Specialist in the field of OB today agree that there is no one best approach when it comes to studying human behaviour in organizations.

CONTRIBUTING DISCIPLINES TO OB 

• PSYCHOLOGY : science that seeks to measure, explain and sometimes change the behaviour of humans and other animals. Psychologists are concerned with problems of fatigue, boredom and other relevant to working conditions that could impede efficient work performance. 

• Sociology : studies people in relation to their fellow human beings. Sociologists contribution to OB through their study of group behaviour in organizations, particularly formal and complex organizations.

• Social Psychology : blending concepts from both sociology and psychology and focuses on the influence of people on one another. Considerable investigation from social psychologists has been change - implement and reduce barriers. 

• Anthropology : study of societies to learn about human beings and their activities. Anthropologists work on cultures and environments, helps us understand differences in fundamental values, attitudes and behaviour among people in different countries and within different organization.

• Political Science : study of the behaviour of individuals and groups within political environment. It studies the behaviour of individuals and groups within a political environment.

SOBC MODEL OF OB 

• S-O-B-C model incorporates more complex mechanism of human behaviour which modifies and extends S-O-R model. 

• S-O-R model stands for Stimulus, Organism, Response. 

• S-O-B-C stands for Situation, Organism, Behaviour pattern and Consequence. 

• S- Situation - more comprehensive than stimuli and incorporates all aspects of the environment immediate stimuli, physical environment and socio-cultural environment

• O - Organism - does not only represent physiological being as in S-O-R model but also psychological being which is more complex. 

• B- Behaviour pattern both overt and covert 

• C- Contingent consequences 

• The interaction pattern among different elements of human behaviour model is not simple one but complex because of 2 reasons: 

(A) different variables with each elements which interact among themselves.

(B) Organisms is not physiological being 

• Only O interacts with the situation and base on his own nature he may perceive the situation ina particular way and behave accordingly. 

• Though SOBC model tries to explain the process of human behaviour, it presents only a bare bone sketch of the behaviour.

For More Detail Contact Us And Follow On Study For Buddies

Thank You